Motor-vehicle.



E. B. GALLAHER.

MOTOR VEHICLE.

APrLIoATIoN FILED Nov. 2o, 1907.

1,062,452. f Patented May 20,1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1 HHHHIIIlIIuh i E. B. GALLAHER? MOTOR VEHICLE.

APPLIOATION FILED 11011.20, 1907.

1,062,452. Patented May 20,1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. B. GALLAHER.

MOTOR VEHICLE. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 2o. 190'7.

@glib 5] wu@ who z E. B. GALLAHBR. MOTOR VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20, 1907.

Patented May 20, 1913,

4 SHEETS-BEBE?! 4.

" YTo all whom/it may concern.' v Beit known that L'EDWARD B. GALLHER, I a "citizenv of the New York', borough of- Manhattan, county and vState of "New York, have made' a new United States, residing in and'useful Inventionin Motor-Vehicles, of which the following is a specification.

` My invention has especial relation to motor vehicles of the gasolene or explosive type, or to motor vehicles generally where te'motor's themselves,y and their immediate 'faccessories are attached directly t'o and supsources' of energy, an

l 'ects-.irst, to increase the eiiiciency and also' the life of what I term hereinafter the power unit of such vehicles. Second, to

' orted b the main frame or upon a subrame o he vehicle, whether the same be propelled by explosive (gases, steam or other it has for its obdecrease the cost of running such vehicles fby "eliminating the daily cleaning of the power unit or the usual careful attention v ordinarily many to utilize `every vehicle of a commercial plant for the maximum. number of days per ryearand .to thus insure increased returns to the ownersv of such vehicles.

Fifth, to enf able the utilization of different power units for the same running gearv so as to adapt the` vehicle for any emergency it may be v called upon tofill, and to prevent the ve- `mission for any length of time. l assemble the individual elements of a power unit .1n such compact .or close relation that .v as a'whole ydirectly' under the front seat of,

hicleas a whole from being put out of com- Sixth, yto

the` major portion thereof may be located the vehicle, or in any other place' selected,

whether it be accessibleor not.v Seventh,

to effect the shortening of the wheel bases of power` impelled vehicles of relatively high horse power without decreasing the `j space occu ied by the body, thereby adapt- 1n them or use in large cities where diiii- ,cu ty rofmanipulation is had in the use of motor vehicles of relatively long wheel bases, Eighth, to provide means for .per-

` mitting of `the removal of a power unit as a whole fromy the chassis of a motor vehicle and for replacing it therein in the shortest y. UmTansTATEs PATENT oFEIiCEff A iinwaim construction of motor vehiclesl of thev eXplosive` t e and" to permit of the construction thereo outn of lighterpmaterial, owingto Tenth, Ito increase the'strength ofsuch vehicles by reason of the compact nature Aof i the power unit and its'detachable sustaining base but also as additional bracing'means forlimitin the strains put uponv the lframe proper. E eventh, to providea standardized base for the power unit of a motorve- Inor'der to clearly understand these diiliculties they should be taken up, each oneseparately and discussed individually.` The first and tear which a motor vehicle receives inits every day operation, it 'being found in ,rate of at least 50% per annum, and this is particularlyrthe'ca'se where commercial ve. hicles 'are utilized. The second cause of trouble li'es in the chauffeur -or mechanic. This' semi-skilled person at the present time has fullcharge of the vehicle which he. op-

orL its arrangementof parts, makes his employment a positive necessity; and the actual success or failure yof the vehicleon the 'street depends almost wholly upon whether such lc'hauifeur or mecha-nic is Acapable or incapable. It'isa well known fact that avery small.

percentage indeed of these men arecapable.

ways/the majority of them v'being professional bicycle riders, butlers, valets,-car.con ductorsfniotormen and the like, .without proper/technical education. If, therefore, it

becomes necessary to operate a large number of cars and to place them in the' hands of Asuch irresponsible and inefficient men, this means that every one of these vehicles will possible time'. Ninth, to reduce the`- costf of'I the more compact assemblage of parts.;j

base which acts not only as a sustainingf.

hicle comprising the motor, and-tall for a almost'impractical for `commercialpurpo`ses'. '8o

s. .GALLAHna, oiiniw YORK... N. Y., AssIGNn 'ro cnovnn. nanurhcrumim COMPANY, ,ornnw Yoan, N. Y.,

` l Ispecation ofietters lllalten'tf A kPate-11136311 May Application ledNcvemBer 20,1907. ,-Ser`alNo.402v,9`B2. i l f Vdiiiiculty encountered is the excessive wear practicethatl the Wearand tear of such veicles' depreciate' the value thereofv atV the crates which, ,due to the form rof thevehicle A They have entered lthe business fin vmany company stranded for want `of help, and it.

is almostimpossible break in another vset of men without serlous delay andgreat damage beingdone to -the cars and other property;r -If',. therefore, this semi -skilled chau'eur-canbe. entirely eliminated from the problemv we `will have solved one of the most important diiiiculties which confronts particularly the eiiicient-commercial vehicle of today. There is.one other. condition which it has been found in `practice gives a -great deal of trouhlein thissame connection.

A man whof is unskilledfin the handling of a` vehicle will becarefully taught and trained by an operating company.,., As soon as he is trainedand begins to know something of the business,he aspires immediately to the tak- 1 ing-oa Aprivatel situation that will pay himk from $10.00 to $15.00 a weekv more in wages. Hence it f become's verydiilicult to keep in service these-L men even though they are trained-'upto their duties for that particular, y purpose byythe company itself. The third .f on the investment.

'element which hasactecl very much againstV the commercial vehicle of todaylies in the :fact that any little derangement of rthe ymechanism lays yup the entire vehicle absolutely, thus rendering it useless for service.A

` This entails notalone. the loss of the chauffeurs wages, but also the loss of the earning power of`the` vehicle andthe loss of interest service very uncertain and ineiiicient, for

when a vehicle is needed oftentimes expense does not enter into the matter at all but the actual use thereof is vital, and if this use is out off abruptly by some slight derangement ofthe mechanism no excuse whatever will satisfy. In this connect-ion it may be said that the slightest derangement somedays, to locate.

times requires hours, and in vvery many cases For instance, a little change of adjustment inf the ca-rbureter may revuire the. time of a high grade mechanic lzlhree orfour days to locate the trouble and .to remedy it when found. The jumping oi ofia small spring, the disconnect-ingor break- ;-..ingvof a small wire, a little vdirtggett-ing into "the gasolene, infactv any one of a thousand little things -not alone can happen but do happen'daily inthe operation of all gasolene motor I vehiclesY and.v while in many cases these little derangement's are found in a few i Jminutes, yet fully one-half of them require severalghours to locateand remedy. During *G5 su'cn kperiods the vehicle -:manifest-ly' is. out

It also makes such avk ofservice and'simply because of some minor derangement which in itself amounts to nothing..r In case of a large delivery wagon,

for example,- which is heavily loaded with merchandise, if some slight derangementoccurs on the road it is necessary to send out another vehicle and transfer the load from the damaged vehicle to the other. This not alone takes time, but oftentimes where vehicles are loaded with delicate goods they are damaged by a second handling.

Now, to take up the discussion of the first difiiculty, as above outlined; e., wear and tear: there, is no reason whatever why a motor vehicle engine and Amechanism should not last at least as long as any similar piece of stationary mechanism; but, as a matter of fact, the verysuperior workmanship and material which are employed at'the present time on nearly all motor vehicles should, by rights, entitle the motor vehicle power plant to a longer life than is being obtained in'like stationary plants. There are only two real reasons why .the motor vehicle power plant does not last' and these reasons are prst,

becauseit is impossible with the present ar .ran ement of parts in all gasolene and .they do not receive the necessary lubrication when and where they should. In' this connection, due to years of experience with vmotorvehicles, I can say truthfully that it requires atleast 12 hours to thoroughly clean and oil the mechanism of a modern gasolene motor vehicle for every 12 hoursl that it runs upon the road. By this I mean that if the mechanism of a motor vehicle is not cared for and kept scrupulously clean and thoroughly oiled the above stated condition of affairs does and must exist. I am also prepared to state that there vis probably not one automobile in operation today that has even a fair percentage of this care and, consequently7 the enormous depreciation above referred to must of necessity follow. This condition of affairs exists because of the inaccessibility of the working parts to the mechanic who has charge. Even though he be a painstaking and willing man it is asking too much of him to remove the pan from underneath, take ofi'.- the fenders at the side and climb around inside of the mechanism in order to place drops of oil on4 all the little working parts that require it and particularly those that ,cannot be readily reached by the oil can. To illustrate Amy statement ifithe hood of any motor. .;vehicle selected at random be lifted*y and 35 washing of the body.

`ones ingerdrawn over any ,of therworking parts, enough grit and grinding material will be removed on thetip of the finger to scratch glass or any other hard material therewith.- If thisl state of affairs exlsted upon the mechanism of an ocean liner or upon any other fine piece of mechanism working indoors, such as an electric lightingengine, it would be quickly'remedied by the disclarge of the engineer and the em loyment of a competent substitute; but wit the motor vehicle, even the most competent men cannot keep them absolutely free from this grit and dirt and, consequently, the mechanism suffers. Another element of importance is found in this that it is unjust to ask the operator ofa motor vehicle to keep it clean and oiled. These' men are on the road in wind,'sun, rain, sleet and snow, vand when they come in from a hard days work they certainly do not feel like giving the immediate necessary amount of. time to the care of themechanism. With 'existing types of motor vehicles, however, it is absolutely necessary to allow the operatorto take' care of his own vehicle, as none ofthese menwill tolerate any other person touching his machine, as they claim l.it is always thrown out of adjustment and -gives trouble due to such outside attention, and the operator or chauffeur is not only required to run his vehicle, but to take care of it and do everything about it, with the exception of itsv actual adjustment and the Oiling and keeping it clean are always his province.

Now L toI discuss the elimination of4 the semi-skilled mechanic, as a chauffeur. I be lieve that the only wayin which he can be 40,eliminated is by having his work done in the shop by another class of men who are i really skilled, and then to seal up or close -the mechanism in such a way that the operator cannot get at it, and to put in his hands only the steering wheel and such levers or other accessories as are necessary for the operation of the vehicle itself. In other words, create a class of' men somewhat on theorder of the operators of electric cabs or street cars who simplyknow how to steer the car and how to apply and take off the power, and ywho know absolutely nothing else in regard to the mechanism, its care, adjustment, etcf If, therefore, we can create a .55 class of men of such character and ability as to operate a modified form o-f power 1mpel-led vehicle, it instantly removes from the iield t-he chauii'eurs who are such a` constant source of annoyance, and substitute for .60 them a class of men easy to obtain at any time and, in any-event, a class of men who can begtraiinedA up totheir work in a few days` and' whenftrained will be efiicient.

l .f-Now; as? t'othe .derangementa the only l way-to-preve1ta*slight derangement from `putting an entire carout of business is tobe able to remove the entire mechanism from the car and substitute a new mechanism therefor and do the repairing outside of the car itself. The yvehicle of today, as used throughout the entire world, consists of a chassis or frame .on which is mounted the engine, which is securely boltedto it. 'llhe radiator or cooling'-app'aratus is also bolted 'to this frame in another place and the oiling mechanism is bolted to thev dash, .which isin turn fastened 'to this frame or, it is fastened-1 to the frame directly. It is also a fact that' in a majority of the modern automobiles a portion of the ign-itingapparatus is fastened' to this frame onthe running boards or else` sov where. The controlling levers vare fastened to the frame and connectedl up by links to the parts which they control. The steering wheel is also fastened to the frame and is connectedf'up by links to the forward wheels. The gasolene tank, as a rule, is fastened in the body under the forward seats; or, in some cases, is fastened in the rear of the chassis and secured to the frame itself. It is manifest, therefore,A that if it is desired to .remove the engine for example from the chassis, it is necessary to release numbers of bolts and nuts, disconnect gasolene and electrical connections,.-all of the operating apparatus, all of the water cooling apparatus, etc., before the enginev can be taken out. It requires fronti'a half to a fullday to remove an engine, and at least the Vsame amount of time to lreplace it, providing nothing what* ever be done to it. -It also requires a similar amount of time and labor to remove the transmission. All of the links and levers must be disconnected, all of the bolts taken out which secure it to the frame, and it is considered in any shop a two or three days job to take out a transmission and put it back. Another element which enters into the matter is the fact that the. mere act of` removing a transmission or an engine and putting it back again requires the utmost skill to replace the elements and line them correcting,` so that they will operate freely and without friction,as each one of these various elements Works independently of every other element and has to be in a certain perfect ratio with the other elements in order to work at all. It is for this reason that all minor repairs of every sort must be'andare, as a mat-ter of fact, made on the car itself in the assembled form, rather than by removing these pieces and doingthe repair work on them outside and puttlng them back. It would be much more desirable in case of trouble to be able to remove these do the work while they are in position; but

it is due to the above enumerated difhculties that itis found impractical. i

. `My invention consists broadly in combine ing all the necessary individual elements so yas to form a complete power battery 1n one unit which I term a power unit, and in mounting this unit on a base or frame by itself which is all lined up perfectlyv and in ,working order, and which can in itself be operated outsideof the vehicle frame as well as when mounted thereon, and then so 'arrange this base -or frame that 1t can be slipped in and slipped out of the motor v ehicle frame with such ready ease that y1t will take only a few moments to withdraw the entire power unit from the vehicle and slip in another clean and adjusted power unit and send the vehicle out on the road to perform its work. The power unitwhich has given trouble and has been removed for care and attention can then be sent to the shop where it will receive the care of a skilled mechanic, and when repaired and put in first class condition it is put onthe shelf ready for substitution in som'e other vehicle frame.. I mean by av complete power unit, the engine proper, the entire oiling system, the

entire electrical system, the entire cooling system, including'the radiator=pump, piping, etc-; the entire gasolene system including the vaporizer, the supply tank, etc.; the entire transmission, including the changes of gearall mounted on one bed-platev so that by withdrawing this power unit from a car it can be set on a base or frame outside of the car itself, and by simply starting it up it will run just as well outside as it will inside, and after cleaning, repairing and adjustment itvcan be slipped back again in a few moments and the'vehicle be ready for the road. By such an arrangement it must be very apparent what the result would be. In the first place, it will be impossible to put a vehicle out of service for more than a few minutes, as another complete, eflicient, power unit can be substituted for the inefficient one within two or three minutes and the vehicle be on the street once more and able to earn dividends. Another important feature is that the entire power unit having been removed in this way can be run and tested and adjusted as a whole'outside of the vehicle; and that when it is put in perfect conditionand not until then-is it put into the vehicle for service, and no ltinkering or eX- perimenting of any kind is necessary when it is once placed in the vehicle. A further important advantage lies in the fact that when the entire mechanism is withdrawn in this way it can be put on a special holder or table in an open room having the best lpossible natural-and artificial light capacity so that it can be scrupulously examined and cleaned as to every detail and properly oiled, adjusted, and taken care of by competent men. Therefore, it is apparent that the efliciency and life of a piece of mechanism which receives such care at regular `and specified intervals will be. vastly greater than is the case with modern methods. -I also prefer to so arrange the engine that the entire mechanism is inclo'sed in a metallic case, and this metallic case sealed in such a way that it can not be opened without the knowledge of the' foreman, or other authorized person. I remove the power units from the vehicles at regular intervals-'say twice `a week-substituting other power units,

sending the removed units to t e Shop to be examined, repaired, cleaned, oiled and readjusted. The cases are then sealed up with lead seals, having the date, and the number of the man who has given this particular unit attention stamped thereon. The casing may be provided with pad-locks, the keys for which are accessible only to the proper person or persons in the garage or shop where the repairs are to be effected.'` Still another very important consideration which presents itself is found in the fact that if a mechanism is given careful `attention at regrular specic intervals for example once or twice a week, the mechanism receiving this' careful ,expert attention is not nearly so apt to get out of order and become deranged as a mechanism which is inaccessible and which is being taken care of by an ignorant chauffeur, and being slighted, because he is tired or unwilling and because no check can be made upon his work.

From the above outline itl must be very apparent that with m improved'detachable power unit the chau eur or operator plays a very small part in the operation of a car, as the only thing which he is required to do is to steer4 the car, apply the power to start, and shut off the powerand put on his brakes to stop, and in case of trouble telephone to headquarters.

I maintain that with my improvement I would practically multiply the life of a power unit by ten; `that the possibility of trouble on the road would be almost eliminated, because 4of they regular and uniform attention which the mechanism would receive; that all of the power units would be adjusted alike and would give equal and uniformly satisfactory results because they would be adjusted and tested by a certain coterie of men who would be trained and expert in their work and responsible there-A for, as before the power units would be put into actual service they would'have to undergo certain tests ink the shop which would prove their efiiciency and their yeconomy. I maintain that it. would be practically impossible to keep such a car off the road and stop its earning capacity `for more' thana few minutes at any one time',.only just long enough .to make thev substitution of a new power unit, and thatbecause .of

the 'factl that none of the carts themselves 13o` i would have to be in the shop or laid up they would show greatly increased earning capacity on the road.

An additional feature of my improvement, which is important lies in the fact that it is possible to mount power units of different degrees ofipower onthe same sized frame, rand tofslip in or substitute, for example, a higher powered unit for a lower powdered umt, or vice versa. For instance, supposing v we need in the car service a 10 H. P. unit for city use and a 25 H. P. unit for country use. Itis aneasy matter to make the chassis, the wheels, the axles, etc., of sufli cient strength to withstand the strain of the 25 P. unit, and to make up a25 H. P. unit and a1'0 H. P. unit o n the same sized frame so that a. large or a small power unit can be slipped into place as the caseV demands. Under conditions of this nature :where the power unit is being used it will be referable to have the inclosin'g casing under ockand key, the key to be held alwaysby the vowner or lessee of the vehicle. Under such conditions also it wouldbe advisable to provide a detachable extension in the nature o'f rails and adjustable legs, and means such as a rackpinion and power shaft y under the bottom ofthe baseby which the v power unit could be easily removed from -thle body ofk the vehicle and rest with one end thereon and the other upon the detachable extension. If it is found necessary to send a cab into the country, in live minutes a 25 H. P. unit may be slipped into place. When it comes back andv goes into city use a 10 H. P.l unit may be substituted. For

pleasure vehicles an owner might have two such interchangeable units, one for city use and one for touring. Withfmy improvement it is possible for one to select any preferred runnlng gear, steering gear and body for a pleasure or touring vehicle and 'to retain the same from year to year, substituting each year, if he so chooses, any improved form ofpower unit for that last used, the in vention in fact enabling him to utilize not only the advanced improvements of power units of the make originally selected by him, but of such other manufacturer as he may choose to elect, thereby materially decreasing the total expense.' from year to year, it being a well known factthat with existing types of motor vehicles'the change 5 5 of types of power unit-s andl car structures generally necessitates the sale of the entireV vehicle when one desires to take advantage of the up to date improvements made vin the driving motors. VIt is further to be noted that the feature ofsubstituting a powerunit of lower capacity in the city for that used in the country makesit pos-v sible to greatly reduce -the cost of the fuel used in explosive engines, by reason of the 6.5 fact that lit is Well understood thatwthV ing a point of great im ortance in the runsuch engines which are kent running constantly the amount l'of the explosive fuel is the same whether running with light loads or with heavy loads, this feature alone bening expenses of such ve icles in cities where relatively smaller power units -are suilicient. In this way the greatest degree of efficiency is always obtainable.

Still another important feature lies in the 75 ability to 'place lthe power unit inthe most inaccessible place-such as under the 'front seat or the likeuwhere .it 'cannot begreached y while in place, this being possiblebecause no repairs or adjustments are ever at- 80 tempted except by removing the ventire i power unit and doing the'work outside. By stowing away vthe power unit as above suggested aV more compact and shorter wheelbaseY car can be obtained which is very desirable for cars used in the city where streets are narrow and where turning and maneuvering capacity is essential. 'f

Referring now ,to the drawings for a ful and clear understanding of my'invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to construct and use the same, Figure 1 is an elevational view of a gasolenemotor vehicle of the coach type, a part thereof being broken away so' as to show the interior strucmy improvement, parts of the power unit .sustaining mechanism andthe permanent protecting casing'thereover being shown in sectional View, the lever which controls the transmission gear being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is an end elevationalfview as seen looking at Fig. 1 from left to right, the power unit, however, `being removed in this view, the radiator being shown in elevational view in its position against thedash-boardin dotted lines, the controlling levers and steering shaft in position also in dotted lines, with the handle of one of the controlling levers, the steering wheel and the upper end of its shaft in full lines. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the main frame, wheels, axles, driving shaft, 'driving gear case and steering mechanism and interconnected parts of the motor vehicle shownin Fig. 1, the steering wheel being shown in dotted lines and my improved means for detachably supporting the power unit' as applied to the vehicle in. fulll lines. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken through the power unit sustaining mechanism on the line X-X Fig. 3 and as seen looking .thereat from the bottom toward the top of the drawings, the steering i mechanism, front axle and front wheels, however, not being shown in this View. Fig. 5 Vis a transverse sectional view taken through Fig. 4 on the line Y-Y and as -seen looking thereat from right to left in the direction of the arrows, upon the supposition that the complet-esub-frameisi11u$ 13o A mi` l fture of the power unit as applied thereto in n trates in Fig. 4. rig. e is a "Side @levantanview of the complete power unit as. assembled on a single base ready to be inserted into the position shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is an end elevational view as seen looking at Fig. 6 from right to left in the direction of the arrows, vthe inclosing casing, however, for protecting lthe power unit being shown in sectional view. Fig. 8 is an elevational view similar to F i 6 of the reverse side of the power unlt seen in that yfigure. Fig. 9 is an end elevational View of Fig. 8 as seen looking thereat from right to left in the direction of the arrows, all of Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 being enlarged views as compared with the corresponding parts, in so'far as they are illustrated in Fig. 1.

' `Referrin now to the drawings in detail, in all of w ich like numerals represent like parts wherever used, 1 represents the body of the vehicle mounted upon a main frame 2 embracing two side bars interconnected in 'the manner shown in Fig. 3, said side bars being provided with the usual cross connectlng bars and braces, the chassis being supported directly7 upon the axles by springs in a well known manner, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3.

3 represents, wherever used upon the drawings, what I-term the power unit and consists broadly speaking of all of those parts of a motor vehicle which are intimately related with the transmission of the power to the driving shafting, the same be ing so interrelated in my improvement and so connected to a'common supporting base or frame as to be of the most compact form,

` as clearly illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9.

This power unit -is supported directly by two sub-frames illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, 4. and 5 by the numerals 4 andv 5, these n1"- merals indicating, wherever used through the specification, the complete sub-frames -embracing elements which will be described slip joints of the usual type are shownat4 S,- to which joints is connected a driving shaft later on, said sub-frames being adapted to be fastened to the main frame 2.

6 represents the rear axle to which power is transmitted in the usual way through a pair of bevel-gears, known as driving gear, inclosed in a gear-case 7. Universal and 9'and a second universal joint 10, which universal joint isconnected in turn to a horizontally disposed shaft 11 suspended in turn in a bearing 12 bolted or otherwise secured as shown directly to the side bars of the frame 2. To the inner end of the shaft 11 is securedv a female half 13 of a slip or separable coupling, designed to 'effect the coupling between the parts already described and the power unit 3, when the latter is slipped into place, as will be described later on. The male part 14 of this coupling constitutes a part of the power unit 3 and is clearly shown in Figs. 1, 6,

7 and y8. The front aXle 15 is attached to the frame 2 by springs 16 in thegusual way; the center of said axle being bowed down, as shown at 17 (see Fig. 1) in order to allow the powerl unit to pass thereover when slipped into. position on the supporting frames. The steering gear is of the usual form, consisting of knuckles and links adapted to beoperated by a steering wheel 18, said steering gear being secured permanently to the framev 2 in the usual manner and to one side of the power unit when the latter is slipped into position.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive, I will describe the power unity which embraces in the present instance a base 19 having mounted thereon and secured thereto any number of cylinders 20, Vfour such cylinders being shown. These cylinders may be bolted directly to the base 19, or they lnay be cast integral therewith if so desired.

They are fitted with the usual inletvalves the pump 23 operates through a cam shaft the valve 22 in the usual way, said camshaft, however, not being shown. The pump 23 is connected on its induction sidethrough a Apipe directly with the interior ofthe radiator chamber 27 and at its bottom as shown, and on its educton side through a pipe 28 and branch pipes 29, 29 with the water-j ackets, said water jackets being connected in turn through enlarged branch pipes 30 and a. continuation 31 thereof directly to the upper end of the radiator chamber as shown, so that the water after it has circulated over the cylinders is returned in the usual manner in its heated condition to the top of the radiator chamber and again subjected to the cooling influence of the radiator which is of well known form, that shown being preferably` of the cellular type which allows the water topass through openings 33 so that it is cooled on its downward passage through these cells. For the purpose of accelerating the passage of the air'through the radiator the fly-wheel 34 has a fan or vanes cast directly into the web thereof and is located preferably between the engine base and the radiator 27, as shown, although afan may be driven by the usual belt and gear appliance, as is customary in Vehicles of this type. I prefer to locate the iiy-wheel between the engine proper and the radiator 'as shown in `the drawings, for the purpose of enabling any convenient place upon the base 19, preferably, however, directly over the transmission -case as shown. The gaseous mixture is supplied to the cylinders in the usual wa through the pipe system 39 and contro led'by a. throttle valve 40 which is operated by a lever 41 adapted to be detachably secured in a. socket 42 at its lower end, for the purpose of preventing said lever from interferlng .with the removal of the power unit from the vehicle. -43 represents the oiler which is driven by a shaft 44 connected with the distributing gearing in the gear-case 25,

said oiler being connected by oil pipes 45,y

45, directly to the cylinders and other parts to be oiled in the usual way. A gravity feed oiler or any type of oiler may be used, if desired, but I prefer to use a strictly mechanically driven oiler for the reason that with such an arrangement the oil is utilized only while theengine is actually in motion;

' while with the gravity feed oiler it becomes necessary to open 'and close by hand, and inasmuch as my invention contemplates the sealing up of the -unit for a demte time it.

will be appreciated that it is important that -the oiler should be of the mechanical feed ferred, so long as it is mechanically driven -by `the distributing gears inclosed in the gear-case 25. I` prefer, however, to attach the magneto directly to the unit in the manner described for reasonsphereinbefore indicated as to the maintaining of all of the parte of the unit strictly inclosed and outvof disturbing inuences, dust, dirt, grit and moisture. AnV electric battery could be substituted for the magneto if desired and mounted similarl The conductors from the magneto are indicated by the numerals 49, 49, 49, 49 and are connected directly to the sparking plugs at the upper end of the cylinders, as shown,

and grounded through the frame in thewell known manner. The exhaust gases are conveyed from the engine through the exhaust valves 22 into a breeching pi e 50 which in turn is connected to an e aust pipe 51 adapted to convey said gases to the open air.

It will now be appreciated that I have described an operative hydrocarbon engine with accessories embracing a complete ignition system, a complete cooling system and a complete oiling system, and that all of these accessories are mounted or assembled in the most compact form directly upon a single base 19 which constitutes the base of the power unit proper. The pistons of the several cylinders 20 are connected in the usual Way to the main crank shaft 26 journ'aled in the base 19 on one end of which, as before stated, is secured the fly-Wheel 34, the

other end thereof being journaled in the 35 is preferably of the Well known planetary 95 type which is adapted to be operated by the lever 53 in a well known manner, though the clash or sliding gear type 'may be used if desired,- for the purpose of obtaining variable speeds and variation in direction vof movement, all such matters being Well Within the skill of those versed in the art. My purpose, therefore, being to provide a power unit which is of a very compact form and to secure all of the individual accessories vor elements thereof to a single base so that the same may be slipped into position in the frame 2 of a motor vehicle or removed therefrom as desired, I prefer to construct the. base 19 of one integral metal part having flanges 57 located on either side., as clearly shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. These flanges preferably extend the entire length'of the engine base `and although I prefer to make them integral therewith, they might obviously be supplanted by lugs cast integral with the base and provided with detachable metallic flanges secured thereto by screws or bolts, or in any preferred manner. An examination of Figs. 6 and\7 of thea drawings discloses the fact that inasmuch as the radiator chamber 27 and the case of the flywheel 34 require more vertical space than the body of the engine proper it becomes necessary to provideia downward extension for t-he flanges and such extension 58 is therefore 'cast integral therewith, a pair of .flanges 59 being cast integral with said ex-` understood, therefore,.that the flanges 57,

57, 59, 59 located on opposite sides of the engine base and downward extension 58 thereof constitute the means` of support for y the entire power unit which is'to be susllll tained by the sub-frames 4 and 5 which I will now describe, reference being had particularly to Figs. 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings.' These sub-frames embrace each two yokeshaped members and two horizontal string ers as follows: the frame 4, yoke shaped members 61, 6l and horizontal stringers 62, 62; and the frame A5, yoke-shaped members 63, 63 andl horizontal stringers` 64, 64, and said frames are independent of each other and provided at their upper ends with angular extensions".` adapted to' bear respectively upon the tops and against the inner faces' of the sidelbars of thefmain frame- 2, 2, and to be s'eciired thereto in any preferred manner, preferably by bolts, so that when the frames are put together and seu cured`thereto in the manner indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings they are in position to receive the power unit.

Referring.. again to Figs. 6 and of the anges VV57 and 59 are cast of wedge' shape construction on their upper sides, the

` inclinations being in opposite directions. It

will also be seen on inspection of Figs. 3 and 4 that the outer ends o-f the stringers 62,-, '62, 64, 64 are provided respectively with angle irons 67, 67', 68, 68, the angular inclinat-ions of said angle irons being the same as that.

of the wedged ends 65, 65, 66, 66, and said angle irons are Inadedetachable by the use of bolts 69, 69 and 70, 70, although the inner set of angle irons 67, 67, might be intewhen removing or putting it in place.

These ring bolts would, of course, he detached when the power unit isin use and carried in the toolbox.

72 is a moistureand. dust tight cover or case, preferably of sheet metal, which en tirely incloses o-r surrounds all of the operative parts of the power unit, rendering it absolutely secure against the admission'of dust, dirt, grit or moisture, and preventing 7 iewiir be seen thatthe outer ends V65, 65, 66, 66,

any one from tampering with the mechal,v

nism. This cover` is proyided with sealsor locks 73, 73 and after the power unit has been thoroughly examined, cleaned and tested at the garage the cover is put on-and it is sealed or locked and a card secured' 1n the seals indicating the time of the test and the name of the employee whocleaned, ad- I justed and tested it. The unit is now ready for insertion in its place in the frame of the.,

vehicle proper.

Referring now to Fig. 2, 74' represents an opening in the dash-board'7 5 through which the upper portion of the power unit is to be inserted. 76 (Fig. 1) is a permanent case having the contour of the opening 74 in the dash-board, connected thereto as shown at 77, and extending from said dash-board rearwardly to and beneath the front seat 78. This permanent case is provided with a. slot 79 through which the throttle lever 41 may be inserted and withdrawn. A similar slot, not shown, is provided in the casi-ng for the gear-shifting lever 53. The power unit is slipped into position by an endwise movement from a table, runway or support, or from any desirable supporting means for such handling, either with a power iinpelled crane or other source of power, the fianges 57,57, and 59, 59 being slipped over the stringers 62,62, 64', 64,`the friction betweenv y said parts being lessened with oil if preferred; or, if desired, friction rollers may be journaled in the stringers 62, 62and 64,

64. As the power unit is thus moveddnto position the male part 14 of the coupling on the shaft 54 is connected .with the female part 13 on the shaft 11, said shafting being in perfect horizontal alinement. Afterthe power unit is thus placed in position with the wedge-end 65, 65 bearing against the angle irons 67, 67, the angle irons 68, 68 are secured in position with the bolts 70, 70, thus firmly and rigidly securing the entire power unit in place with the rear face of the radiator chamber resting directly against the dash-board, as shown in dotted lines Fig. 2 and in full lines Fig. 1. The vlevers 41 and 53 are now inserted yin their sockets through the slots in the case 76 and all is ready for action. The operator simply has contro-l of the motor vehicle through the agency of the levers 53 and 41 and steering gear-wheel 18 as all of the essential parts of the controlling and operating mechanism are., as hereinbefo're described and illustrated in the drawings, wholly inaccessible to him.

I do not limit my improvement to the especial details of construction shown in the accompanying drawings and hereinbefore described, as many of the individual features thereof may be materially departed from and still come within the scope of my ,claims hereinafter made. To illustrate, a1-

,ioo l though I have disclosed a Well known form of gasolen'eengine with the accompanying accessories or attachments in the nature of an automatic oiler, automatic sparking assembled these individual features in a thoroughly practical way on a single base and provided the same with means for covering them up from the action of dust, dirt, grit and moisture, other structural devices may be substituted therefor within the skill of those versed in the art. Or, if preferred,

some of the individual accessories or elements of this vcomplete power unit might be securedfdirectly to the main frame. The magneto generator might be permanently connected with the frame and exterior to the `inclosing casing and the conductors inclosed 1n an insulating cable and connected at their free ends to a multiple plug connector secured directly to the detachable engine base and inside said casing; or, the oiler might be so located and connected by detachable flexible tubes to a similar connector on the engine base andinside the casing; or, a battery and induction coil might be substituted for the generator and secured directly to the mainframe exterior to the power unit system proper and the necessary multiple connections effected to the sparking plugs through switch plug attachments.

Another important feature of my invention lies in thoroughly protecting the moving parts of the power unit which are subjected continuously to friction and the deteriorating influences' of dust, dirt or grit, and such variations as suggested might be made without avoiding what I consider the material feature; to wit, the protection of the engine or motor proper, whether the same be propelled by explosive gases, steam, electricity, compressed air, or other'soulce of energy, necessitating the employment of rotary, oscillatory, or reciprocating parts which -necessarily are subjected to serious mechanical wear by the presence of dust, grit, dirt and moisture, or which necessarily requirey frequent inspection and treatment. The manner of supporting the power unit 'also upon'two sub-frames while being adapted for use generally 4with existing types of motor vehicles might be materially departed from and the entire unit might be sustained directly upon the main frame itself were the frame'so built as to admit of this manner of sustaining it. In other words, it is ofcourse obvious that the frame 2 might be so conower unit, thesel structed as to admit of detachably sustaining the particular formof power unit which f I have described and shown and still come within the scope of my claims. Or, the power unit proper might be of such a'structural nature as to be detachably supported directly lby the frame itself withoutthe in` terventionl of intermediate frames, the essence of my invention lying generally inthe effecting of the many beneficial results which follow from the separating of the entire power unit from the body of the vehicle proper when it is desired to inspect, clean, repair and adjust it. It is also apparent 'that the manner of and means for suspend-y ing or supporting the power unit might be materiallyl departed from and still come v A,within the scope of my claims; to illustrate,

in case of vehicles having the motor shaft parallel with .the wheels and axles thereof and in which the power is transmitted either by gear transmission or by sprocket wheels and chains, such power 'unit may be sus` tained beneath the frame andremov'ed laterally or sidewise. Or, in other cases, it might be removed from the rear of the chassis or frame, either when supported above or below the same. Nor do I limit the use' of my invention, in the nature of complete compact po-wer unit connected to a" single` base and provided with the especial qualifi cations hereinbefore enumerated, to use with wheeled motor vehicles of the automobile n energy where it is found desirableto main c tain practically perfect service and efficiency from power motors of the explosive type. f

I am aware that .it has heretofore been proposed to support a power unit uponv a `motor vehicle in` a supplemental frame',y

which supplemental frame is in turn` de- ,tachablysecured upo-n the side rbars of the main frame, and in such manner thatthe i same may be whollyremoved from the vehicle for repairs, as disclosed in U. S; pat-A ent to Darnstaedt No, 773,480 of Oct. 25th,'

1904:, and I am also. aware that it hasheretofore been proposed to secure a power unitrrsllV beneath the frime of a motor vehicle upon al single tube or rod arranged transverse to the frame, in such manner that the unit as awhole may be removed from the vehiclev for repairs, as disclosed in U. S. patent to Dyer No. 676,223, of June 11th 1901, and I make no claim hereinafter broad enoughrto include either lof Vsuch structures, my most generic claim being directed to the adaptation of complete interchangeable power units upon a motor vehicle and in such manner as to makeit possible to use the unit irrespective of the vehicle whereby I obtain the numerous points of advantage hereinbefore disclosed, and I wish it understood that my lclaims are to b e limited especially to this feature of interchangeability as contradistinguished. from ,the simple removal of a power unit for thepurpose of repairing it, my novel improvement making 1t possible to greatly enhance the valuepf a plant of vehicles provided with interchangeable power units sustained each by a standardized base which adapts them to be substituted one for the other, whether of the same oi' different power capacity, or of the same or different manufacture, such a scheme materially adding tothe value of the output of a plant, or even of an individual private.

motor car where the same is utilized to a large extent, eitherv locally or in touring.

I am not aware that anyone has, priorto my invention, devised a complete power unit and all of its accessories'""'perative -as a whole, either on a motor vehicle or when detached therefrom and supported by a rigid base and the entire-,arrangement such that by virtue of such rigid base it is possible to always maint-ain all of the operative parts of the power unit in a definite-or fixed rela# tion to each other whereby the best niechanical results are attainedkand this feature of utilityis one ofthe most important flowing from mv invention.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure ent of the United States is- Y l. 4A' motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles .and a frame therefor; in combination with -a section of driving shafting geared to the rear wheels and journaled at its front end intav bearing sustained by the frame; together with a power unit-embracing a motor and all of the necessary operative accessories supported upon a common rigid base, said powerI unit and base being detachable as a whole from thevehicle and provided v with means for detachably connecting the motor totheV drivingshaft, substantially as described. l 2. A mot-or vehicle embracing wheels and axles, a frame therefor, and driving gear; in combination with a power unit supported by a base, said base being detachably and slidably sustained upon the frame; together with a' slip' ory separable coupling between the power `unit and the driving gear which transmits the power from the unit vto the wheels, the entire arrangement being such that the power unit as a whole may be removed and that the act. of such removal severs the connection between said power unitx and the driving gear, described.

3. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; a motor and a sustaining base for-such motor, said base being provided at its sides with supporting meansfor removably sustaining it upon the frame in such manner that it may be moved end- Aby Letters Pat-v 'substantially as wise in the direction of the lengthof the vehicle; in combination with means for so connecting the motor to the driving wheels of the vehicle that the act of removing the motor and its sustainingbase'eifects disconnection between it and sa'id driving wheels, 'substantially as described.

4. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and -a frame therefor; in combination with a motonsustained' by a base providedA with two or more lateral or side supports adapted tobe sustained by the frame and in such manner that said motor and its base-v may be moved bodily in the direction of the 'lengtliof the frame; together with means for detachably connecting the motor shaft` soy to the driving wheels ofthe vehicle by the act of lwithdrawing, the motor from theA frame, substantially as described.

5,. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; 'a motor sup? ported by a base provided with slidable supporting means at its op osite sides; ltoget-her with means for e ecting itsl alinement in the direction of the lengthfof the frame; in combination with meansr for detachably effect-ing interconnection between the driving shaft of the motor and the shaft which `connects the same to the driving wheels by the act of withdrawing the motor from the frame, substantially as described.

6. Amotor vehicle embracing wheelsr and axles and a frame therefor; in combination with an explosive engine; accessories, in

the nature of a fuel supply tank, a carbureter and interconnections with thev engine; a source of electrical energy and interconnections with the cylinder or cylinders of the engine, a radiator and water cooling connections between said radiator and water-jackets surrounding said cylinder or y cylinders, an oiler operatively connected with the various parts of the engine which require oiling,r4 and driving mechanism therefor; a 'driving shaft operatively connected with the engine and transmission means and gearing anda fan or cooling means, the motive parts of all of said accessories being connected to -the driving shaft of the engine, said engine and said accessories being all ixedly secured to a common base which is provided with means for detachably securing it in turn to the lframe of the vehicle, the arrangement being such that the .base may be` slipped into position and interconnections between the engineand the driving wheels thereof effected, substan' tially as described. l

7 .i A- motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; a motor and accessories, said motor and accessories being carried-by a Yrigid base slidingly and iio detachably 'securedin turn to the frame; I

in combination with a protecting case for the motor and` accessories and means for locking or sealing said case so as to prevent unauthorized persons' from,tampering therewith, substantially 'as 4described- 8. A power unit for usewith motor vehicles embracinga motor'and operative accessories therefor, all secured to a rigid base which is provided with means for detachably securing itin turn to the frame of a vehicle; in combination with a casing adaptedfto Vinclose the motor and a part or all of the accessories; together with means for locking or dsealing said casing so that unauthorized ersons `cannottamper therewith, substantially as described.

, 9; A. power unit for use with motor vehicles provided ywith driving wheels, embrac- .ing a motor and the necessary operative accessories therefr,all secured to a rigid base which is provided withmeans'. for detachlzii ably and slidingl securing it in turn to the frame of/a vehic e; a'motor`shaft; a transmission shaft which is geared to the driving wheels, and means for effecting the alinementi of said shaft, substantially as de= scribed.

10. A power unit for use with motor vehicles embracing a motor and operative accessories therefor, all secured to a rigid base "sis which is 'rovided with side alining 1u s 60,V to'get er with means for detachab y se-v crin s aid'base in 'pro er alinement with te described. l

y 11. power unit for use with motor vehicles embracing an explosive engine and operative accessories a transmission gear systcm operatively connected lto the motor shaft, said motion its accessories. and saidtransmission gear being supported by a' rigid base; in combination with a frame; together with means for detachably andi slidingly securing ls aid power unit to the frame, and means for placing it in alinement therewith, substantially :is described.

12. A lpower unit for use with motor vehicles embracing a motor and operative accessories in connection therewith, all supported by a rigid base which is provided with means for slidingly and detachably securing it to the frame of a vehicle, and additional means foriitlizing applied power in removing or handling the unit, substantially as described.

13. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; in combina- `tion witha power unit slidably supported by a frame; a slip or separable coupling for 'det-achably disconnecting the power unit from the driving wheels, the arrangement being such that said power unit may be rey movedas a whole by disconnecting it from thev frame and sliding it from the vehicle, substantially as described. y 14. In a motor vehicle amain frame and a sub-frame secured thereto and provided rame of the vehic e, substantially as 'in ete desirhoard with longitudinal stringers; in combination with a motor and accessories secured to a rigid base which is provided with means for detachably securing it to t-he sub-frame, substantially as described.

15. In a'motor vehicle a motor shaft; a main frame; a base; a journal and bearing; a driving shaft geared to one of the axles of the vehicle at one end and supported at its other end by a journal in a bearing,

which bearing is in turn sustained by thev frame; in combination witha and accessories supported by the ase which in turn is supported by the frame, the driving shaft being connected to the journal and it in turn detachably connected to the motor shaft, substantially as described.

16. In a motor vehicle a 4main frame and one or more sub-frames secured thereto and provided with longitudinal stringers; in combination with a base,l a power unit and accessories sup" orted by said base; together with inea-ns or slidably sustaining said power unit upon 'thestringers, substantially as described.

17. In a motor vehicle a main frame having side members; a base; a driving shaft 11; a'pwer embracing a m'ot'or'and thel necessary cooperating accessories securedto the base ,which turn is provided with means for slidingly sustaining it between said side meiiib'ers'; together with means for effecting the alinement voft the driving shaft ower unit 4 Aist of the motor with the `aforesaid driving. l

which vsupports said parts, andmeans for' manually eifecting the rcontrol of the ino-tor; in combination with control devices adapted to he detachably. secured to the respective controleppliances; together with a removable casingor cover for protecting the parts ofthe power uniththe arrangement bein1r such that said unit lmay be attached to an detached from the vehiclel at will, Vsubstantially as describedn 2o. gear; a franie a body; .a basel; a dash-board with anvop'enin'g; `a detachable poweriinit carried by said base; together with means for detachably securing saidlbase pt onfthe fool 'iis

frame of the vehicle,the arrangement being s uch that said power unit is put in operative posit-ion by inserting itthrou h theoplening motor vehicle xren i'bracing running I a power unit; a dash-board having an open ing therethrough of suiicient capacity to receive said unit; a permanent cover for the unit extending from the dash-board rearwardly a sufficient distance to cover it when secured lin position, substantially as described. 1

22. A motor vehicle chassis; a body secured thereto and having a chauffeurs seat; a power unit; a dash-board provided with an opening of sufiicient capacity topreceive said unit; together with a permanent cover for said unit between the dash-board and the chauffeurs seat, substantially as described.

23. A motor vehiclecliassis provided with a detachable power unit; a base for said power unit; a stationary protecting casing secured to the chassis; and a second protecting casing secured to the base which carries the power unit,y substantially as described.

24. A rigid base; a power unit embracing a motor, a carbureter, an agitating device` and means for removing the surplus `heat generated by the motor, all secured to said rigid base; a permanent base adapted in turn to`slidingly support said power unit and the first-named base; mechanism for absorbing the power generated by the unit, said mechanism bearing a fixed relation to thepermanent base, the rigid base and the permanent base being provided with coactingmeans for quick almement of the power generating and the power absorbing parts, substantially as described.

25. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; in combination with an explosive engine and accessories in thefnature of a fuel tank, a carbnreter and interconneqtions with the engine, the motive parts .o-f sajid accessories being connected to thel driving shaft of the engine, said engine and said accessories being all flxedly secured to a rigid base which'is provided with means for detachably securing it in turn to the. frame of the vehicle, the arrangement being such that the base may be slipped into posi tion and interconnections between the engine and the driving wheels thereof quickly and securely effected, substantially as described.

26. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; in combination with an explosive engine and accessories in the natureA of av fuel tank, a carbureter and interconnections with the engine, a source of electrical energy and interconnections with the cylinder or cylinders of the engine,

the motive parts of said accessories being connectedto r the driving shaft of the engine. said engine @and said accessories being all ixedly secured to a rigid base which is provided with means for detachably securing it in turn to the frame of the vehicle, thearrangement being such that the base may bc slipped into position and interconnections between the engine and the driving wheels thereof quickly and securely effected, substantially as described.

27. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles'and a frame therefor; 'in combination with an explosive engine and accessories in the nature cfa fuel tank, a carbureter and interconnections with the engine, a -source of electrical -energy and interconnections with the cylinder 01 cylinders of the engine, a radiator and water cooling connections 'between said radiator and water jackets surrounding said cylinder or cylinders, the motive parts ofsaid accessories being connected to the driving shaft of the engine, said en gine and said .accessories being all xedly secured to a rigid base which Vis provided with means fo-r detachably securing it in turn to the frame of the vehicle, the arrangement being s/uch that the base lnay be slipped into position and interconnections between the engine and the driving wheels thereofquickly and securely effected, substantially as describedi v y 28. `A motor vehicle embracing wheelsand axles and a frame therefor; in combination with an explosive engine an accessories in the nature of a fuel tank, a carbureter and interconnections with the engine, a source of electrical energy and interconnections with the cylinder or cylinders of the engine,` a radiator and water cooling connections between said radiator and water jackets surrounding said cylinder or cylinders, an oiler operatively connected with the various parts of the engine which require oiling, and driving mechanism therefor, the motive partsl a rigid base which is provided with meansy for detachably securing it in turn to the frame of the vehicle, the arrangement being such that the base may be slipped into position and interconnections betweentlie engine and the driving wheels thereof quickly and securely. eHected, substantially as described.

29. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; in combination with an explosive engine and accessories in the nature of a fuel tank, a 'carbureter and interconnections with the engine,a source ofelect'rical energy and interconnections with the cylinder or cylinders of the engine, a radiator and water cooling connections bev tween .said radiator and water jackets surrounding said cylinder or cylinders, an oiler arranged to lubricate the various parts of the engine which require o-iling, a driving shaft .connected with the engine through transmission means and gearing, the motive parts of said accessories being also connected to the driving shaft of the engine, 'said engine and said accessories being xedly' secured to a rigid base whichl is provided with means for detachably securing it -in turn to the frame of the vehicle, the arrangement being such. that the base may be slipped into positlon and interconnections between the engine and the driving wheels thereof quickly and securely effected, substantially as described.

30. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; in combination with an explosive engine and accessories in the nature of a fuel tank, a carbureter and interconnections with the engine, a source of el'ectrical energy and interconnections with the cylinder or cylinders of the engine, a radiator and water cooling connections 'between said radiator and water jackets sur roundingsaid cylinder or cylinders, an oiler operatively connected with the various parts of the englne which require oiling, and driving mechanism therefor, a driving shaft connected with the engine' and transmission means and gearing, andy a fan or cooling means; the motive parts of said accessories being connected to the `driving shaft ofthe engine, said engine and said accessories being fixedly secured to a rigidbase which is provided with means for detachably se-` curing it in turn to the frame of the vehicle, Ithe arrangement being such that the base may be slipped into positionand interconnections between the engine and the driving wheels thereof quickly and securely effected,

' substantially as described.

31. .In combination, the frame of a motor car, a transmission mechanism mounted thereon, a sub-frame, a motor mounted thereon, track members on the frame, runners on the sub-frame adapted to engage said track members, means whereby the motor and the transmission automatically engage.

32. In a motor vehicle, the combination of. a main frame, a cross member torward the front of said main frame, longitudinal track members supported by said mainframe, a"

movable sub-frame adapted toy carry the motor mechanism and arranged to travlon said track members, said cross-member bef to-be engaged by the half of. the coupling on the engine shaft, and means for supporting the transmission shaft in position to be engaged by the engine shaft.

In testimony whereof I have`signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

. EDWARD B. GALLAHER. Witnesses:

C. J. KINTNER', L. C. BISPHAM.

Copie! of tliil 'patent may be obtained for iive cents eachyhyaddressing the Gommissioner of latenti,

\ Washington, D. C. i

It is herebycertilied that in Letters Patent No. 1,062,452, granted May 20, 1913', upony the application of Edward B. Gallaher, Iof New York, N. Y., for

an improvement in Motor-Vehicles, errors appeal' in `the printed specification said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein .that the same may conform to the record of the case in the kPatent Oiice.

, R; '.r. FRAZIER,

requiring correction as follows: Page 3, line 113, for the wor`rl\correcting read cm'rectly; page 12, line 22,1'or the word agitating read gmt/ing; andthat the with means for detachably securing it -in turn to the frame of the vehicle, the arrangement being such. that the base may be slipped into positlon and interconnections between the engine and the driving wheels thereof quickly and securely effected, substantially as described.

30. A motor vehicle embracing wheels and axles and a frame therefor; in combination with an explosive engine and accessories in the nature of a fuel tank, a carbureter and interconnections with the engine, a source of el'ectrical energy and interconnections with the cylinder or cylinders of the engine, a radiator and water cooling connections 'between said radiator and water jackets sur roundingsaid cylinder or cylinders, an oiler operatively connected with the various parts of the englne which require oiling, and driving mechanism therefor, a driving shaft connected with the engine' and transmission means and gearing, andy a fan or cooling means; the motive parts of said accessories being connected to the `driving shaft ofthe engine, said engine and said accessories being fixedly secured to a rigidbase which is provided with means for detachably se-` curing it in turn to the frame of the vehicle, Ithe arrangement being such that the base may be slipped into positionand interconnections between the engine and the driving wheels thereof quickly and securely effected,

' substantially as described.

31. .In combination, the frame of a motor car, a transmission mechanism mounted thereon, a sub-frame, a motor mounted thereon, track members on the frame, runners on the sub-frame adapted to engage said track members, means whereby the motor and the transmission automatically engage.

32. In a motor vehicle, the combination of. a main frame, a cross member torward the front of said main frame, longitudinal track members supported by said mainframe, a"

movable sub-frame adapted toy carry the motor mechanism and arranged to travlon said track members, said cross-member bef to-be engaged by the half of. the coupling on the engine shaft, and means for supporting the transmission shaft in position to be engaged by the engine shaft.

In testimony whereof I have`signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

. EDWARD B. GALLAHER. Witnesses:

C. J. KINTNER', L. C. BISPHAM.

Copie! of tliil 'patent may be obtained for iive cents eachyhyaddressing the Gommissioner of latenti,

\ Washington, D. C. i

It is herebycertilied that in Letters Patent No. 1,062,452, granted May 20, 1913', upony the application of Edward B. Gallaher, Iof New York, N. Y., for

an improvement in Motor-Vehicles, errors appeal' in `the printed specification said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein .that the same may conform to the record of the case in the kPatent Oiice.

, R; '.r. FRAZIER,

requiring correction as follows: Page 3, line 113, for the wor`rl\correcting read cm'rectly; page 12, line 22,1'or the word agitating read gmt/ing; andthat the 

